The most recent flooding in Rio Grande do Sul, between late April and early May 2024, was caused by heavy rains that hit the state, resulting in the largest climatic catastrophe in local history. More than 400 cities were affected, with some regions, such as Santa Maria, recording rainfall volumes 3.5 times higher than expected for the entire month [1]. The tragedy profoundly impacted a region with strong Italian ancestry, where many families preserve traditions and cultural ties inherited from their immigrant ancestors. Various meteorological factors contributed to the intensity of the rains.

Meteorologists identified three main factors that intensified the rains: a trough, which is an intense wind current that provided unstable weather conditions; a moisture corridor from the Amazon, which enhanced precipitation; and a heatwave in the central region of the country, which blocked the cold front, preventing it from dissipating and spreading to other locations [2]. These meteorological factors combined to create ideal conditions for intense and continuous rains.

The social and environmental impacts were devastating. More than 100 deaths were recorded, and hundreds of thousands of people were left homeless. The destruction of homes, roads, and bridges compromised the functioning of public institutions. Additionally, there was significant environmental damage that had long-lasting effects on the population and nature of Rio Grande do Sul [1].

The environmental damage caused by the flooding was extensive and varied. The inundation destroyed vast areas of native vegetation, including forests and protected areas. The force of the waters uprooted trees, plants, and soil, causing significant erosion and loss of biodiversity. Many wild animals lost their natural habitats, increasing the number of displaced and at-risk species. The contamination of water bodies was another severe environmental impact, with rivers and lakes receiving large amounts of debris, sewage, and chemicals, compromising water quality and affecting aquatic life [2].

The social impacts were also profound and long-lasting. The destruction of homes left thousands of families homeless, forcing them to seek shelter in schools, gyms, and other community centers. The loss of material goods, such as furniture, appliances, and vehicles, further aggravated the situation of these families, many of whom were already living in vulnerable conditions. The interruption of public services, such as water supply, electricity, and transportation, further hindered the recovery of affected communities. Additionally, the destruction of essential infrastructure, such as hospitals and schools, compromised access to basic health and education services [3].

Amidst this tragedy, numerous individuals and organizations emerged as key players in assisting those affected. Volunteers from across the state joined forces to distribute food, clothing, and hygiene items to homeless families. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) like the Brazilian Red Cross and Civil Defense worked tirelessly to coordinate rescue and assistance efforts. Furthermore, local and national companies donated financial and material resources to support relief operations. Public figures, including artists and athletes, utilized their platforms to raise funds and awareness about the importance of solidarity during this critical moment [1].

The response from civil society was crucial in mitigating the immediate impacts of the flooding and initiating the recovery process. However, the reconstruction of affected areas and the restoration of damaged ecosystems will require continuous and coordinated efforts in the long term. The tragedy in Rio Grande do Sul serves as a reminder of the importance of effective public policies for the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters, as well as the need for concrete actions to address climate change and protect the environment. At the end of this article, we provide contacts for small institutions that collect various types of donations to help those impacted by the floods. Your contribution can make a difference in the lives of many families and the recovery of the state.

As the Rio Grande do Sul moves forward in rebuilding and supporting the affected communities, several organizations are actively providing aid and assistance. Here are a few to which you can contribute:

• Transforma RS NGO is working tirelessly to support recovery efforts. Learn more about their initiatives and how to get involved on their Instagram page or visit their website.

• SOS Cozinhas is offering crucial support to feed those in need. Check out their Instagram for volunteer opportunities and sign-up links available in their bio.

• Vó Maria Escolinha, a school and nonprofit organization, is dedicated to assisting affected children. For more information and support, visit their website or follow them on Instagram.

• Instituto Ampara Animal is focused on helping abandoned animals affected by floods. Support their efforts through adoptions and donations or contribute via their support page.

For any doubts or questions reach out to the author.

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Cover- and preview image: Flooded Road, June 2020. Free-source photo by AllThingsCoastal from Pixabay